Bradford Factor Calculator

Last updated: 15-Apr-2025

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Enter the number of absence occurrences and the total number of days absent to calculate the employee's Bradford Factor.

Total Number of Absences:

Total Days Absent:

Bradford Factor:

What is the Bradford Factor?

The Bradford Factor is a formula used to calculate the impact of employee absence. It gives more weight to frequent short-term absences compared to longer but less frequent ones. This allows employers to monitor and address patterns of absenteeism that can significantly affect productivity.

Bradford Factor Formula

The Bradford Factor is calculated using the following formula:

$Bradford Factor = S^{2} \times D$

Where:

$S$ = Total number of separate absences in a given period
$D$ = Total number of days absent during the same period

Why Use the Bradford Factor?

The Bradford Factor is especially useful for:

Identifying patterns of frequent short-term absences
Addressing attendance issues fairly and consistently
Supporting HR decisions like warnings, appraisals, or interventions
Improving workforce management and planning

Bradford Factor Score Guidelines

While every organization may have its own thresholds, here is a general guideline:

Bradford Score	Risk Level	Suggested Action
0 – 49	Low	No concern
50 – 124	Moderate	Monitor
125 – 399	High	Consider taking action
400+	Very High	Formal disciplinary action

Example Calculation

Let’s say an employee has been absent 4 times over the past year and was absent for a total of 12 days.

Using the Bradford Formula:

$Bradford Factor = 4^{2} \times 12 = 16 \times 12 = 192$

In this case, the Bradford Factor is 192, which indicates a high level of absenteeism and may require management attention.

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